What is Hepatitis B and how is it transmitted?

Hepatitis B (HBV) is transmitted through contact with infected blood or sexual fluids. This can most commonly occur with direct contact of infected blood, needles, and other medical or dental equipment that are not sterile, unprotected sex, or illegal or "street drug" usage. Hepatitis B virus can also be passed from an infected mother to her baby during pregnancy and childbirth. Ninety percent of babies born with hepatitis B without treatment can develop long-term liver damage, liver cancer, or death. Treatment is important and effective when treated within the first 12 hours of birth. 

Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program

Carson City Health and Human Services participates in the Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program (PHBPP). This is a collaboration among the state, hospitals, and health departments to ensure that hepatitis B-positive babies receive treatment within the 12-hour window while in the hospital and are also followed for continued treatment after the baby is taken home. 

What is the appropriate treatment?

Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine are given within 12 hours of birth, usually in the hospital. There are 2-3 additional doses of hepatitis B vaccine, depending on the type of vaccine given, to complete the series.  

Doses of hepatitis B vaccine are given at 2, 4, and 6 months for the combination vaccine and at 1-2 months and 6 months for the single-antigen. The last dose should not be given to the baby before they are 6 months old.

Follow up by the clinic to ensure babies' immunity through immunization and blood testing.

Questions about Perinatal Hepatitis B Prevention Program?

Contact our clinic at 775-882-2195. 

Resources

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Perinatal Hepatitis B

CDC Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) – Prevention of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in the United  States.